Which element is not part of the Dead Reckoning process?

In the Dead Reckoning process, utilizing a known starting point, calculating estimated speed, and determining a known azimuth are all critical components for accurately tracking movement over time.

Using terrain features, although helpful in navigation overall, is not inherently part of the Dead Reckoning process. Dead Reckoning relies on calculated movements from a known position, which primarily involves distance traveled and direction taken rather than specific environmental cues or landmarks. This technique focuses on the speed and direction of movement, allowing for navigation based on math rather than visual cues. Therefore, the incorporation of terrain features is outside the fundamental principles of Dead Reckoning itself.