What must be done to a map before it can be effectively used?

For a map to be effectively used, it must be oriented. Oriented maps are aligned with the actual geographical landscape they represent, allowing users to correctly interpret the direction and position of features on the map in relation to the real world. This is crucial for navigation and tactical planning in military operations, ensuring that personnel can accurately assess their location, plan routes, and understand the positioning of both friendly and enemy forces.

While a map being unfolded or laminated can be helpful for practical reasons, such as visibility and protection, these actions do not contribute to the effective use of the map in terms of accurately understanding and navigating the environment. Annotation can also be useful for personal notes or marking important information, but it does not address the fundamental need to align the map with the terrain. Thus, map orientation is essential for maximizing the utility of the map in any operational context.